The range of tasks a child can perform with guidance but cannot yet perform independently is known as

• A. Zone of Proximal Development
• B. Scaffolding
• C. Independent problem solving
• D. Cognitive dissonance

Answer: (A)

This describes the Zone of Proximal Development, the range of tasks a child can perform with guidance but cannot yet do independently. It captures how learning happens best: with help from a more knowledgeable person—teacher, peer, or other support—that provides the right prompts, cues, or scaffolding to bridge the gap between what the child can do alone and what they can do with assistance. The idea emphasizes that instruction should target this middle ground to push the child toward independent mastery.

Scaffolding refers to the support given within that range to help the child perform the task. Independent problem solving is what the child can do on their own, outside the zone. Cognitive dissonance is a separate concept about conflicting beliefs and does not describe task performance or learning range.